Devon Wildlife Trust Launches Initiative to Safeguard Two Rare Ant Species on Heathland

Devon Wildlife Trust announced a new conservation program aimed at enhancing the heathland habitats that support the narrow-headed ant (Formica exsecta) and the erratic ant (Formica rufibarbis), two insects listed as rare in the United Kingdom. The plan, unveiled this week, focuses on restoring and managing the open, shrubby landscapes that these species depend on for nesting and foraging.

Heathlands across Devon have declined dramatically over the past century, largely due to agricultural intensification, afforestation, and the spread of invasive plant species. Such changes fragment the mosaic of low‑lying vegetation, dry soils, and open spaces that provide the micro‑climates essential for the survival of specialist invertebrates like the narrow-headed and erratic ants. By targeting these habitats, the trust hopes to halt further population losses and create conditions for modest recovery.

The Trust’s strategy includes a series of practical measures: selective scrub clearance to prevent encroachment of woody vegetation, controlled grazing to maintain the sward structure, and the removal of invasive plants such as gorse and bramble that can alter soil composition. In addition, the organization plans to monitor ant colonies using pitfall traps and visual surveys, allowing scientists to track changes in colony density and distribution over time.

Conservation biologists emphasize that ants, though often overlooked, play a pivotal role in ecosystem functions. They aerate soil, disperse seeds, and act as predators of other invertebrates, influencing nutrient cycling and plant community dynamics. The narrow-headed ant, in particular, is considered an indicator species for high‑quality heathland, meaning its presence signals a well‑preserved environment.

Stakeholders, including local landowners and volunteer groups, have been consulted throughout the planning phase. The Trust aims to balance ecological goals with the interests of those who use heathland for recreation and grazing, offering guidance on sustainable land‑use practices. Community involvement is expected to be a cornerstone of the project, with citizen‑science workshops slated to train volunteers in ant identification and habitat assessment.

While the initiative is still in its early stages, the Trust views it as a template for broader invertebrate conservation across the region. Success could encourage similar habitat‑restoration efforts for other threatened species, reinforcing Devon’s reputation as a leader in protecting its unique heathland ecosystems. The next steps involve securing funding, finalising detailed site plans, and commencing fieldwork before the end of the year.